Kratom is often marketed as a natural solution for pain or opioid withdrawal. But as its popularity grows, so do reports of dependence and withdrawal symptoms.

Trauma and addiction can erode self-belief and resilience. But perseverance can be learned.

Alcohol initially boosts dopamine and creates feelings of confidence and ease. Over time, however, the brain adapts, reducing natural dopamine production and leaving people feeling anxious, numb, or depressed when sober.